Relationship between structure and inhibitory effect of arginine analogues on neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity |
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Authors: | Isao Yokoi Yukiko Namba Hideaki Kabuto Kazunori Inada Motoyuki Iida Akitane Mori Norio Ogawa |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, 700 Okayama, Japan |
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Abstract: | Since nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) froml-arginine (Arg) which has an amidino group in its molecule, we, examined the effect of 29 kinds of Arg analogues on neuronal
NOS (nNOS) activity in the rat brain. None of the Arg analogues acted as a substrate for nNOS. Diamidinocystamine, hirudonine,
and guanethidine inhibited nNOS activity to 67.3%, 64.2% and 74.1%, respectively, but their inhibitory efficiency was lower
than NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (to 36.5%) which is a well known NOS inhibitor. Dimethylguanidine and N-benzoylguanidine also significantly inhibited
nNOS activity to 88.0% and 90.7%, respectively. Whereas almost all of the NOS inhibitors previously reported were synthesizdd
by substituting the amidino nitrogen of Arg, none of these new inhibitors were substituted at this position. Furthermore,
hirudonine, which is a naturally occurring compound, was thought to act as an agonist at polyamine binding site of the N-methyl-d-aspartate type of glutamate receptor complex. It is also interesting that guanethidine, an antihypertensive agent, inhibit
nNOS activity. These new drugs are useful for the investigation not only of the chemical nature of nNOS but also of the physiologic
function of NO. |
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Keywords: | Nitric oxide synthase inhibitor guanidino compounds diamidinocystamine guanethidine |
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