中国660种陆生植物叶片8种元素含量特征

对全国范围内120个样点660种陆生植物共1781个植物样本的叶片S、K、Na、Fe、Ca、SiO2、Al、Mn含量特征进行了研究。各元素的平均含量大小顺序为KCaSiO2NaSAlFeMn,总体上属于KCa型。与世界陆生植物平均元素含量相比较,我国植物叶片Na的含量偏高。除Ca在草本植物中的含量低于木本植物外,为满足快速生长的需要,S、K、Na、Fe、Ca、SiO2的含量草本植物木本植物、落叶植物常绿植物、阔叶植物针叶植物,而Mn的含量在这些功能组却刚好相反,Al的含量变化不大。S、K、SiO2在针叶林中的含量最低,S、Na、Fe在荒漠植物中的含量最高。Ca与SiO2、Al,以及Mn与除Al之外的其他6种元素之间均呈极显著负相关(P0.01),除此之外,植物元素含量间的相关关系都为极显著正相关(P0.01)。植物叶片元素含量与植物所处的地理位置的相关分析表明,S、K、Na、Fe、Ca、SiO2含量随纬度的增加而增加,Al、Mn随纬度的增加而减少;S、K、Na、Fe、SiO2、Al随经度的增加而减少,Mn随经度的增加而增加,而Ca与经度间相关性不显著。

Characteristics of leaf element contents for eight nutrients across 660 terrestrial plant species in China

We studied the contents of S, K, Na, Fe, Ca, SiO2, Al and Mn in 1781 leaf samples of 660 terrestrial plant species obtained from 120 sampling sites distributed across the country. The rank of the average amount for these elements is K>Ca>SiO2>Na>S>Al>Fe>M, overall belonging to K>Ca type. Compared to the average amount of elements for the terrestrial plants in the world, Na in the plant leaves in China is higher. Except the fact that Ca in herbaceous plants is lower than woody plants, due to the need for fast growth the amount of S, K, Na, Fe, Ca, SiO2 in herbaceous plants > woody plants, deciduous plants > evergreen plants, broadleaf plants >needle leaf plants. However, the amount of Mn is opposite to the sequence, while Al does not change much. S, K, and SiO2 are lowest in needle leaf forest; S, Na and Fe are highest in desert plants. There are significant negative correlations (P<0.01) for Ca with SiO2 and Al, and for Mn with all other elements except Al. Except these negative correlations, the amount of elements in the plants are significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated. Correlation analyses for the amount of elements in the leaves and their geographic locations show that the amount of S, K, Na, Fe, Ca, SiO2 in the leaves increase as the latitude increases, while Al and Mn decrease with latitude; S, K, Na, Fe, SiO2, Al decrease as the longitude increases, while Mn increases with longitude. Ca is not significantly correlated with the longitude.