The interpretation of fen carr pollen diagrams: pollen–vegetation relationships within the fen carr |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Earth Sciences and Geography, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE UK;2. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP;3. Department of Geography, University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull, HU6 7RX UK;4. School of Environment and Life Science, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester M5 4WT;1. Centre for Quaternary Research, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK;2. Department of Geography, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK;3. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Building C, 14473, Potsdam, Germany;4. Department of Geography, University of Portsmouth, Buckingham Building, Lion Terrace, Portsmouth, PO1 3HE, UK;5. Geography, University of Manchester, Arthur Lewis Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK;6. School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Queen''s University, Belfast, BT7 1 NN, Northern Ireland, UK;7. Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark;8. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;1. Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlá?ská 2, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic;2. Laboratory of Paleoecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidická 25/27, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic;3. Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague, 128 01, Czech Republic;4. Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic;1. Centre for Quaternary Research, Geography Department, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK;2. Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK;3. Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK;1. Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Med., St. Louis, MO, United States;2. Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States;3. Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University Med. Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States;4. Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States;5. Department of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States;1. Millennium Nucleus Paleoclimate, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;2. Center for Climate Research and Resilience, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;3. Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;4. Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;5. School of Geography, Environmental and Earth Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand;6. School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia;7. Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;8. Centro de Investigación Gaia-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile |
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| Abstract: | Sediments deposited in fen carr environments are frequently used in pollen-based reconstructions of vegetation history, although few studies of modern pollen–vegetation relationships in fen carr have been undertaken to aid the interpretation of fossil assemblages. It is often assumed that the wetland pollen signal will reflect the overall composition of the fen carr system although, given the closed canopy context, it may actually be dominated by local vegetation elements. This paper seeks to determine whether the vegetation heterogeneity within a modern fen carr is reflected in the pollen signal of the wetland taxa. Vegetation composition was recorded around a series of moss polster sample points at Calthorpe and Wheatfen, two areas of fen carr in the Norfolk Broadland, UK. The spatial interrelationship between the wetland components of the vegetation and their palynological equivalents in the moss polster pollen assemblages is explored through trend surfaces and a correlation based statistical test (the Mantel Test). The representation of the major vegetation components in the pollen record is highly variable. Values for Alnus glutinosa, a dominant canopy species, range from 5.3% to 73% of total land pollen (TLP) at Calthorpe and 2.5–61% TLP at Wheatfen. In part, this variation reflects the enhanced input of pollen from dry land sources close to the wetland edge although the variation recorded at points equidistant from the dry land margin suggests that other processes are also influential. The strongest positive associations in the Mantel Test are for under-storey and ground flora elements that are poorly represented in the pollen record. Taxa for which there is no association include those with few vegetation occurrences and those for which a large proportion of the pollen appears to have been derived from outside the study areas. We conclude that modern pollen samples collected from fen carr broadly reflect the vegetation composition of the study areas. However, the input of pollen from fen carr species is spatially inconsistent. Differences between the sample points can be attributed to the distribution and pollination biology of the under-storey and ground flora elements and the structure of the vegetation around sites. The results caution against assuming that changes in the pollen representation of wetland taxa, in fossil sequences constructed from fen carr deposits, necessarily reflect changes in the overall composition of the community. |
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