Acclimation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaf photosynthesis to elevated growth CO2 and temperature |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585 Singapore;2. School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA;3. Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668 Singapore;4. Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604 Singapore;5. Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore,14 Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore;1. Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, Km. 396, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain;2. Dipartimento di Scienze dei Sistemi Colturali, Forestali e dell’Ambiente, Università della Basilicata, viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy;3. CSIRO, Plant Industry, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia;4. The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;5. School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;1. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Årslev, Denmark;2. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Crop Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard Allé 9, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark;3. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;1. Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, 1712 Claflin Rd., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;2. National University of Córdoba, Collage of Agriculture, CC509, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina;3. EEA Manfredi INTA, Ruta 9 km 636 (C 5988), Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina;4. Crops, Soils, and Water Management Group, EEA Oliveros INTA, Ruta 11 km 353 (C 2206), Oliveros, Santa Fe, Argentina;5. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina;1. Abiotic Stress Department, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;2. Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. Florunner) was grown from seed sowing to plant maturity under two daytime CO2 concentrations (CO2]) of 360 μmol mol?1 (ambient) and 720 μmol mol?1 (elevated) and at two temperatures of 1.5 and 6.0 °C above ambient temperature. The objectives were to characterize peanut leaf photosynthesis responses to long-term elevated growth CO2] and temperature, and to assess whether elevated CO2] regulated peanut leaf photosynthetic capacity, in terms of activity and protein content of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco), Rubisco photosynthetic efficiency, and carbohydrate metabolism. At both growth temperatures, leaves of plants grown under elevated CO2] had higher midday photosynthetic CO2 exchange rate (CER), lower transpiration and stomatal conductance and higher water-use efficiency, compared to those of plants grown at ambient CO2]. Both activity and protein content of Rubisco, expressed on a leaf area basis, were reduced at elevated growth CO2]. Declines in Rubisco under elevated growth CO2] were 27–30% for initial activity, 5–12% for total activity, and 9–20% for protein content. Although Rubisco protein content and activity were down-regulated by elevated CO2], Rubisco photosynthetic efficiency, the ratio of midday light-saturated CER to Rubisco initial or total activity, of the elevated-CO2] plants was 1.3- to 1.9-fold greater than that of the ambient-CO2] plants at both growth temperatures. Leaf soluble sugars and starch of plants grown at elevated CO2] were 1.3- and 2-fold higher, respectively, than those of plants grown at ambient CO2]. Under elevated CO2], leaf soluble sugars and starch, however, were not affected by high growth temperature. In contrast, high temperature reduced leaf soluble sugars and starch of the ambient-CO2] plants. Activity of sucrose-P synthase, but not adenosine 5′-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, was up-regulated under elevated growth CO2]. Thus, in the absence of other environmental stresses, peanut leaf photosynthesis would perform well under rising atmospheric CO2] and temperature as predicted for this century. |
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