Heterotrimeric G protein α-subunit is localized in the plasma membrane of Pinus bungeana pollen tubes

Heterotrimeric G proteins are involved in a variety of cellular responses, but relatively little is known about their function and biochemistry in plant pollen. In this paper, we establish the presence of a G protein associated with the plasma membranes of Pinus bungeana pollen tube. A 40 kDa polypeptide is detected and immunolocalized predominantly in pollen tube plasma membranes by polyclonal antisera directed against conserved peptides of mammalian Gα-subunit during pollen tube development. Cholera and pertussis toxins exhibited biphasic actions on tube growth, that is to say, inhibited pollen tube growth and result in rupture of tubes at concentrations less than 400 ng mL^?1, whereas stimulated pollen tube growth at concentration over 500 ng mL^?1. Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectra showed that the two toxins at concentrations of 400 ng mL^?1 resulted in enhanced synthesis of phenolics and reduced synthesis of cellulose, hemicellulose, and xylan of pollen tube wall, which may account for incidental rupture of pollen tubes at the concentration. These results suggest that the two toxins possibly affect pollen tube growth via downstream pertussis or cholera toxin-sensitive functional proteins, which regulate tube wall biosynthesis than at the Gα-subunit in P. bungeana tube growth.