Ectopic Expression of an <Emphasis Type="Italic">FT</Emphasis> Homolog from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Citrus</Emphasis> Confers an Early Flowering Phenotype on Trifoliate Orange (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Poncirus trifoliata</Emphasis> L. Raf.) |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Tomoko?EndoEmail author Takehiko?Shimada Hiroshi?Fujii Yasushi?Kobayashi Takashi?Araki Mitsuo?Omura |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Citrus Research, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, National Agricultural Research Organization, Shizuoka Okitsu Shimizu-ku, 424-0292, Japan;(2) Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto Sakyo-ku, 606-8502, Japan;(3) Present address: Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, D-7206 Tübingen, Germany;(4) Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka Ohya, 422-8629, Japan |
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Abstract: | Citrus FT (CiFT) cDNA, which promoted the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase in Arabidopsis thaliana, when constitutively expressed was introduced into trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.). The transgenic plants in which CiFT was expressed constitutively showed early flowering, fruiting, and characteristic morphological changes. They started to
flower as early as 12 weeks after transfer to a greenhouse, whereas wild-type plants usually have a long juvenile period of
several years. Most of the transgenic flowers developed on leafy inflorescences, apparently in place of thorns; however, wild-type
adult trifoliate orange usually develops solitary flowers in the axils of leaves. All of the transgenic lines accumulated
CiFT mRNA in their shoots, but there were variations in the accumulation level. The transgenic lines showed variation in phenotypes,
such as time to first flowering and tree shape. In F1 progeny obtained by crossing ‘Kiyomi’ tangor (C. unshiu × sinensis) with the pollen of one transgenic line, extremely early flowering immediately after germination was observed. The transgene
segregated in F1 progeny in a Mendelian fashion, with complete co-segregation of the transgene and the early flowering phenotype. These results
showed that constitutive expression of CiFT can reduce the generation time in trifoliate orange. |
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Keywords: | Citrus early flowering FT trifoliate orange |
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