Protective effects of veskamide, enferamide, becatamide, and oretamide on H2O2-induced apoptosis of PC-12 cells |
| |
Authors: | Jae B Park |
| |
Institution: | Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Bldg. 307C, Rm. 131, BHNRC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States |
| |
Abstract: | Veskamide, enferamide, becatamide, and oretamide are phenolic amides whose analogues are found in plants. In this study, the four amides were prepared by chemical synthesis and their protective effects on H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC-12 cells were investigated. The syntheses were relatively simple and the yields were more than 43%. Using NMR spectroscopic methods, the chemical structures of veskamide, enferamide, becatamide, and oretamide were confirmed. The decreasing order of the protective effects on H2O2-induced apoptosis was becatamide > enferamide ≥ oretamide > veskamide. In fact, becatamide suppressed H2O2-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization in a dose-dependent manner. At the concentration of 10 μM, becatamide maintained mitochondrial membrane depolarization at 16% compared to 51% in H2O2-treated PC-12 cells (P < 0.05). Also, at the same concentration, becatamide inhibited H2O2-induced caspase-9 activation and caspase-independent chromatin condensation by 68% (P < 0.05) and 73% (P < 0.05), respectively. This is the first report about the chemical synthesis of becatamide and its potential biological activity to inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis of PC-12 cells via protecting mitochondrial membrane integrity, thereby suppressing caspase-9 activation and chromatin condensation. |
| |
Keywords: | Veskamide Enferamide Becatamide Oretamide PC-12 Mitochondria Caspase Chromatin condensation Apoptosis |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|