Matrix effects in PIXE analysis of aerosols and ashes |
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Authors: | Havránek Vladimír Ku?era Jan Horáková Jitka Vose?ek Václav Smolík Ji?í Schwarz Jaroslav Sýkorová Ivana |
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Institution: | (1) Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), CZ-250 68 Řez near Prague, Czech Republic;(2) Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, ASCR, Rozuojouá 135, CZ-165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic;(3) Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, ASCR, V Holešovičkách 41, CZ-182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | A comparison of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) results for sizefractionated
atmospheric aerosols (“coarse” and “fine” fractions with an equivalent aerodynamic diameter of 2–10 Μm and < 2 Μm, respectively,
or the PM10 fraction) showed that PIXE yielded significantly lower results for the PM10 and coarse fractions, especially for
elements with a low Z resulting from a particle size effect. Somewhat lower PIXE results were also obtained for the fine fraction
of atmospheric aerosols. A correction is also needed for irregularly shaped deposits of combustion aerosols collected by a
cascade impactor in 11 size fractions ranging from 0.016 to 14.3 Μm, as well as for thick samples of fly and bottom ashes.
An equivalent layer thickness (ELT) model is proposed to correct the matrix effects in PIXE. The approaches for the calculation
of ELT using a comparison of PIXE and INAA results or by comparing PIXE results obtained using two different incident proton
beam energies (1.31 and 2.35 MeV) are described. The correction for the ash pellets and irregular deposits are also discussed. |
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Keywords: | PIXE analysis PIXE matrix correction PIXE particle size correction atmospheric aerosols combustion aerosols |
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