安徽芜湖金盆洞旧石器遗址的偶蹄类

经对2002年与2004年出土于安徽芜湖金盆洞遗址的偶蹄类所做的深入研究,金盆洞遗址的偶蹄类有6个种:李氏野猪(Sus lydekkeri)、梅花鹿(Cervus(Sika)nippon)、葛氏斑鹿(Cervus(Sika)grayi)、马鹿(Cervus elaphus)、麂未定种(Muntiacussp.)及古中华野牛相似种(Bisoncf.palaeosinensis)。其中以鹿科为主,以梅花鹿和马鹿为优势种群,具有北方区动物群的特色。它们所指示的时代比和县龙潭洞动物群晚,与巢县银山巢县人动物群相当,为中更新世晚期,在古气候上处于Riss冰期。它们所处的生态环境以低矮森林为主、间有少量灌木密林及草地,当时的气候与现今的内蒙和甘肃相似。鹿属3个种的同时出现反映金盆洞遗址是史前人类汇集处理猎物的场所。

Artiodactylia from the Jinpendong Site in Wuhu, Anhui Province

The systematic study of artiodactyls from the Jinpendong Paleolithic Site,Wuhu, Anhui Province,shows six identified species:Sus lydekkeri,Cervus(Sika) nippon,Cervus(Sika) grayi,Cervus elaphus,Muntiacus sp.and Bison cf.palaeosinensis.By the appearance of Cervus(Sika) nippon and Cervus elaphus,this fauna is clearly cervid or browser dominated.This fauna is of a northern region and of an age younger than that of the Longtandong fauna associated with Homo erectus from Hexian,and equivalent to that of the upper Yinshan fauna associated with Homo sapiens from Chaoxian(i.e.,late stage of the Middle Pleistocene,or equivalent to Riss Glaciation).This fauna suggests an ecological environment of forests of short trees with some limited shrubbery and grassland,and with a climate similar to that of Inner Mongolia and Gansu of today.The coexistence of three species of Cervus in the same horizon at the site suggests that the Jinpengdong Site is a location where prehistoric peoples dealt with prey from different habitats.