原发性肾病综合征小儿发生院内感染的危险因素分析及护理研究

目的:探讨原发性肾病综合征患儿发生院内感染的危险因素及有效的护理对策。方法:回顾性分析在我院儿科住院的原发性肾病综合征患儿的临床资料,用单因素分析与多因素非条件Logistic回归分析原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿发生院内感染危险因素,探究合理的护理对策对患儿疾病恢复的影响。结果:PNS患儿院内感染发生率为32(36.4%),以呼吸道感染为最常见部位18(56.3%)。PNS患儿发生院内感染组的免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)、免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)、ALB水平低于非感染组(P0.05),住院天数、24 h尿蛋白定量非感染组(P0.05)。住院天数和血清白蛋白(ALB)是院内感染独立的危险因素,其OR值(95%CI)分别为3.461(1.33~9.01)和2.215(0.87~5.63)。早期、合理的护理措施使PNS患儿疾病恢复良好。结论:住院天数长和血清白蛋白降低是并发院内感染的独立危险因素,健全院内感染控制制度、加强病房管理、完善护理措施等,可降低院内感染发生率,改善患者预后。

Analysis of Risk Factors and Nursing Measures of Pediatric Primary Nephrotic Syndrome with Nosocomial Infection

Objective:To study risk factors and nursing measures of pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome with nosocomial infection.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome patients in our hospital, and applied single factor analysis and multi-factors unconditioned logistic regression analysis to calculate the risk factors of nosocomial infection for pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) patients. We also explored the reasonable nursing measures to help recovery.Results:The incidence of nosocomial infection for pediatric PNS patients was 36.4%(32 cases). Respiratory tract infection was the most common site, as found in 18 cases (56.3%). PNS pediatric nosocomial infection group had the immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA) and serumalbumin (ALB) levels lower than the non-infection group (P < 0.05). Hospitalization days and 24 h urine protein quantitation in infection group were more than in infection group (P < 0.05). Hospitalization days and serum albumin levels were independent of nosocomial infection risk factors, with the OR value (95%CI) of 3.523 (2.3 ~ 7.1) and 2.3 (3.6 ~ 3.6) respecetively. Through our early medical staff and reasonable nursing measures, pediatric PNS patients all recovered well.Conclusion:Long hospitalization days and reduced serum albumin were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection. A sound control system of hospital infection, strengthened ward management and improved nursing measures could reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and improve the prognosis of patients.