子宫内膜异位症发病机制的研究进展

子宫内膜异位症(内异症)仍是医学上的一个难题,给育龄期的妇女带来了极大的痛苦,可以引起继发性痛经、慢性盆腔痛、不孕等临床症状。内异症的具体发病机制仍不清楚,在经典的"经血逆流"学说提出以后,又出现了体腔上皮化生学说、苗勒管残迹学说等。近几年的研究又提出了一系列与内异症发病相关的因素,包括在位内膜的生物学特点、雌激素作用、免疫炎症反应、血管形成等,这些因素的提出对子宫内膜异位症的发病机制进行了补充和深入,也为现在子宫内膜异位症的诊治提供了新的思路和方向。文章对近年来子宫内膜异位症发病机制的相关研究进展进行了回顾与总结,作一综述。

Research Progress in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis

Endometriosis is still a difficult problem in medication. It brings great agony to women of childbearing age. It cancause secondary dysmenorrhea, infertility, chronic pelvic pain and other symptoms. The exact pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unclear.After the classical "blood reflux" theory has been proposed, other theories are proposed subsequently, such as coelomic oelomicnproposed, Mullerian ullerian proposed, and so on. The researches of recent years have put forward a series of factors related withthepathogenesis of endometriosis, including the biological characteristics of eutopic endometrium, effection of estrogen, the inflammatoryimmune response, angiogenesis, and so on. The proposals of these factors have made a complementary to the pathogenesis of endometriosis,and also have provided some new ideas and directions to the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis. This article is a reviewand summary of progress of related researches on the pathogenesis of endometriosis.