抗氧化系统研究新进展

氧化还原系统主要由活性氧、自由基、活性氧生成系统和抗氧化系统组成。大量的研究表明,氧化还原系统在机体多种生物学功能中发挥关键的调节作用。抗氧化系统主要包括酶类抗氧化剂和非酶类抗氧化剂。抗氧化系统一方面可以通过调节活性氧的水平影响各种生物学功能,另一方面各种酶类抗氧化剂和非酶类抗氧化剂本身也可以参与多种生化反应,调节机体功能。近年来的研究表明,机体内除了典型的抗氧化酶,如超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶等,还存在多种抗氧化新型抗氧化酶,如硫氧还蛋白、谷氧还蛋白和金属基质蛋白酶等。在本文中,我们将回顾近年来的一些文献,综述抗氧化系统的研究新进展,旨在为抗氧化系统的深入研究提供理论基础。

Novel Progress in Antioxidant System

Redox system consists of reactive oxygen species (ROS), free radicals, ROS-generating system and antioxidant systems. Large amount of evidence have shown that redox regulation play key roles in various biological processes. Antioxidant system mainly includes enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants. On the one hand, antioxidant system can influence biological processes through regulating ROS level; on the other hand, the antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants participate in various biological reactions, regulating a variety of functions. In the past few years, the studies have shown that in addition to classic antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, some novel antioxidant enzymes like thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and metallothionein et al can also participate in the regulation of redox balance. In this review, the novel progress in antioxidant systems were summarized to provide theoretical basis for further study of antioxidant system.