急性胰腺炎的研究进展

急性胰腺炎是临床常见的急腹症之一,其病因及发病机制复杂,死亡率居高不下。目前,急性胰腺炎被定义为一种以急性炎症和胰腺实质坏死为特征的炎症性疾病,按照其严重程度分为轻度急性胰腺炎、中度重症急性胰腺炎、重症急性胰腺炎。急性胰腺炎的发生机制尚未完全阐明,目前主要存在几种学说,包括胰酶的自身消化、腺泡细胞凋亡、过度炎症反应、微循环改变、钙超载及肠道细菌易位学说等。本文主要对急性胰腺炎的定义、病因、分型、发生机制和治疗策略的研究进展进行了综述。

Research Progress of Acute Pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of common critical illness in clinic, the etiology is miscellaneous and the pathogenesis is complex, the mortality still remains high. Currently, AP is defined as a kind of inflammatory disease characterized by acute inflammation and necrosis of pancreas. According to the severity, AP is divided into the mild AP, moderately severe AP and severe AP. The pathogenesis of AP hasn''t been completely illuminated, several theories have been proposed to explain the development of AP, including autodigestion by pancreatin, apoptosis of pancreas acinar cells, excessive inflammation, changes of microcirculation, calcium overload, intestinal bacterial translocation, etc. This article mainly reviews the research progress of definition, etiology, classification, pathogenesis and treatment of AP.