Recalcitrancy and a new kind of epicotyl dormancy in seeds of the understory tropical rainforest tree Humboldtia laurifolia (Fabaceae, Ceasalpinioideae)

We report a new kind of seed dormancy and identify the storage behavior category for an important understory rainforest tree that also is used as an ornamental. While studying seed dormancy of Fabaceae species in Sri Lanka, we observed a considerable delay in emergence of the plumule following radicle emergence in Humboldtia laurifolia. Because epicotyl dormancy has not been reported in Fabaceae, we undertook a detailed morphological study of seed germination in this species. Our aims were to document desiccation tolerance/intolerance and epicotyl dormancy in seeds of H. laurifolia. Drying and low temperature storage were used to evaluate storage behavior of the seeds and imbibition, germination, and seed coat anatomy to categorize seed dormancy in two seed collections. Plumule development before its emergence and effects of light and temperature on plumule emergence were monitored. All seeds that were dried to 15% moisture content or stored at -1°C lost viability. Plumules began to grow 20 ± 5 d from radicle emergence and emerged after 40 ± 3 d. Dark and high illuminance further delayed plumule emergence. Seeds are recalcitrant and have a hitherto unreported kind of epicotyl dormancy, for which we propose the formula .