The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices and other microbial groups affect plant species in a copper-contaminated post-mining soil |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, Prague, CZ-12801, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Soil Biology and SoWa Research Infrastructure, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, ?eské Budějovice, CZ-37005, Czech Republic;1. Clinical Medical College, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China;2. Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China;3. Department of Oncology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China;4. Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China;1. Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States;2. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States;3. School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States;1. Vila Velha University – UVV, Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology (LAB PEIXE), Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil;2. Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Department of Chemistry, Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil;1. Synovial Fluid Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico;2. Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Service, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico;3. Department of Natural Resources, Geophysics Institute-UNAM. Circuito de la investigación Científica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Universitaria, C.P. 04150, Mexico City, Mexico;4. ICP-MS Laboratory, Geophysics Institute-UNAM. Circuito de la investigación Científica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico;5. Microscopy Laboratory, National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico;6. Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico;7. Department of Adult Joint Reconstruction, National Rehabilitation Institute, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico;8. Renal Toxicology Laboratory, Cinvestav, Av. Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Mexico City, Mexico;9. Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav. Av. Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Mexico City, Mexico;10. Department of Animal Nutrition, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Secc. 16, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Background and aimArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have an important role in plant-microbe interactions. But, there are few studies in which the combined effect of AMF with a stress factor, such as the presence of a metal, on plant species were assessed. This study investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Rhizophagus intraradices and other soil microbial groups in the presence of copper on three plant species in a microcosm experiment.MethodsTwo grass species Poa compressa and Festuca rubra and one herb species Centaurea jacea were selected as model plants in a pot-design test in which soils were artificially contaminated with copper. Treatments were bacteria (control), saprophytic fungi, protists, and a combined treatment of saprophytic fungi and protists, all in the presence or absence of the AM fungal species. After sixty days, plants were harvested and the biomass of grass and herb species and microbial respiration were measured.ResultsThe results showed almost equal above- and belowground plant biomass and microbial respiration in the treatments in the presence or absence of R. intraradices. The herb species C. jecea responded significantly to the soil inoculation with AM fungus, while grass species showed inconsistent patterns. Significant effect of AMF and copper and their interactions was observed on plant biomass when comparing contaminated vs. non-contaminated soils.ConclusionStrong effect of AMF on the biomass of herb species and slight changes in plant growth with the presence of this fungal species in copper-spiked test soils indicates the importance of mycorrhizal fungi compared to other soil microorganisms in our experimental microcosms. |
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| Keywords: | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Metal Microbial interaction Microorganisms Protists Plant biomass |
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