Enhanced transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using a combined Fenton's reagent,microbial treatment and surfactants

The potential for using Fenton's reagent (H₂O₂ + Fe²⁺) as an advanced oxidation pretreatment process to enhance microbial transformation of two model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene, in an aqueous system was evaluated. Fenton's reagent at a concentration of 0.5% H₂O₂ and 10 mM Fe²⁺ (molar ratio, 15:1) was most effective in transforming anthracene at pH 4. Application of non-ionic surfactants during Fenton's pre-treatment was found to be more effective in the transformation of both anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene. The extent of removal of substrates by a combined Fenton's–biotreatment was 2–4 times higher than with Fenton's treatment or biotreatment alone. In a chemical–biological treatment train, 48 h of Fenton's pre-treatment in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant, followed by 7 days of biological treatment resulted in 80–85% removal of PAHs (100 ppm). Electronic Publication