Good riddance to dopamine: Roles for the dopamine transporter in synaptic function and dopamine-associated brain disorders |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Vanderbilt International Scholars Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-8548, United States;2. Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-8548, United States;3. Department of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-8548, United States;4. Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-8548, United States;1. College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea;2. Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea;1. School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China;2. Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China |
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| Abstract: | The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) plays a critical role in CNS circuits that provide for attention, executive function, reward responses, motivation and movement. DA is inactivated by the cocaine- and amphetamine-sensitive DA transporter (DAT), a protein that also provides a pathway for non-vesicular DA release. After a brief review of DAT function and psychostimulant actions, we consider the importance DAT in relation to the distinct firing patterns of DA neurons that permit awareness of novelty and reward. Finally, we review recent efforts to gather direct support for DAT-linked disorders, with a specific focus on DAT mutations recently identified in subjects with ADHD. |
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| Keywords: | Dopamine Transporter Amphetamine Genetics ADHD |
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