Management of pine wilt disease vectoring Monochamus alternatus adults using spray and soil application of Metarhizium anisopliae JEF isolates |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea;2. Division of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;2. Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China;1. Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China;2. College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;3. Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;4. Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China;1. Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea;2. Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Plant Quarantine, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Republic of Korea;1. Ojeong Eco-Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;3. Institute of Environment and Ecology, OJERI, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;1. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;2. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;3. Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety (Yangzhou University), Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225009, China;4. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute for Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 320021, China |
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| Abstract: | Chemical control is widely used to control the Japanese pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus alternatus, but strong chemical regulations require an environmentally sound management strategy. In this work, we investigated the use of entomopathogenic fungi and their application as a means of practical pest management. Thirty-two diverse species of fungal isolates were assayed against adult pine sawyer beetles using a contact method under laboratory conditions, and four isolates showed over 70% virulence consequently. These isolates, two each of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae were sprayed on the adult beetles at 1 × 107 conidia/ml in plastic containers, respectively. The M. anisopliae-treated adult beetles showed 67% mortality. M. anisopliae isolates JEF-197 and JEF-279 demonstrated dosage-dependent insecticidal activity. Following the laboratory experiments, semi-field trials were conducted in young pine trees under high (RH 94%) and low (RH 35%) humidity conditions. In the high humidity conditions, most of the adult beetles stayed on the top of the branches. When the two M. anisopliae isolates were sprayed on the beetles, they showed ca. 50–70% insecticidal activity 11 days after application. In contrast, in low humidity conditions, the adult beetles tried to move off the branches and onto the soil. When the beetles reached the JEF-197 and JEF-279-treated soil, we measured >90% insecticidal activity. This work suggests that M. anisopliae was the most virulent entomopathogenic fungus against adult Japanese pine sawyer beetles, and this forest insect could be ecologically controlled by the spray and soil application of the M. anisopliae isolates. |
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| Keywords: | Semi-field application Soil treatment Humidity |
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