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Suppression of Wolffia arrhiza growth by brassinazole, an inhibitor of brassinosteroid biosynthesis and its restoration by endogenous 24-epibrassinolide
Authors:Bajguz Andrzej  Asami Tadao
Institution:Department of Plant Biochemistry, University of Bialystok, Institute of Biology, Swierkowa 20 B, 15-950 Bialystok, Poland. abajguz@uwb.edu.pl
Abstract:The effect of the brassinosteroid (BR) 24-epibrassinolide (epiBL; 10(-13)-10(-6)M) on growth and levels of chlorophylls, carotenoids, sugars and protein in Wolffia arrhiza after 7 days of cultivation is reported. Application of epiBL to W. arrhiza cultures stimulates the growth and increases the content of photosynthetic pigments, sugar and protein. The greatest effect of epiBL is observed at a concentration of 10(-9)M. We tested the action of Brz2001, a specific BR biosynthesis inhibitor, in the range of 10(-6)-10(-4)M. Addition of Brz2001 to W. arrhiza cultures inhibits their growth after 7 days of cultivation. The inhibition of growth could be reversed by the addition of epiBL. Moreover, there was not complete recovery to the level of control, especially at 5 x 10(-5)-10(-4)M Brz2001. The effects of treatment with 10(-9)M epiBL mixed with a mevalonate pathway inhibitor (mevinolin), or a 2-methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway inhibitor (clomazone), were also investigated. Mevinolin did not inhibit growth of W. arrhiza after 7 days of cultivation. However, clomazone did. Addition of epiBL overcame this inhibition. These results suggest that the mevalonate pathway may not function well in W. arrhiza and that biosynthesis of BRs through the non-mevalonate pathway in W. arrhiza could be possible.
Keywords:BR  brassinosteroid  Brz  brassinazole  Clo  clomazone  DMAPP  dimethylallyl diphosphate  epiBL  24-epibrassinolide  HMG-CoA  hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA  IPP  isopentenyl pyrophosphate  MEP  2-methylerythriol 4-phosphate  Mev  mevinolin  MVA  mevalonic acid
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