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Suppression of wheat Fusarium head blight by novel amphiphilic aminoglycoside fungicide K20
Authors:Jon Y. Takemoto  Stephen N. Wegulo  Gary Y. Yuen  Julie A. Stevens  Charlene C. Jochum  Cheng-Wei T. Chang  Yukie Kawasaki  Gene W. Miller
Affiliation:1. Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA;2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA;4. Baicor L.C., 1895 North 600 West, Logan, UT 84321, USA
Abstract:K20 is a novel amphiphilic aminoglycoside capable of inhibiting many fungal species. K20's capabilities to inhibit Fusarium graminearum the causal agent wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB) and to this disease were examined. K20 inhibited the growth of F. graminearum (minimum inhibitory concentrations, 7.8–15.6 mg L?1) and exhibited synergistic activity when combined with triazole and strobilurin fungicides. Application of K20 up to 720 mg L?1 to wheat heads in the greenhouse showed no phytotoxic effects. Spraying wheat heads in the greenhouse with K20 alone at 360 mg L?1 lowered FHB severity below controls while combining K20 with half–label rates of Headline (pyraclostrobin) improved its disease control efficacy. In field trials, spraying K20 at 180 mg L?1 and 360 mg L?1 combined with half-label rates of Headline, Proline 480 SC (prothioconazole), Prosaro 421 SC (prothioconazole + tebuconazole), and Caramba (metconazole) reduced FHB indices synergistically. In addition, the K20 plus Proline 480 SC combination reduced levels of the mycotoxin deoxinivalenol by 75 % compared to the control. These data suggest that K20 may be useful as a fungicide against plant diseases such as FHB particularly when combined with commercial fungicides applied at below recommended rates.
Keywords:Amphiphilic aminoglycoside  Crop fungicide  Fusarium head blight  K20  FHB  Fusarium Head Blight  DON  deoxynivalenol  MIC  minimal inhibitory concentration  FIC  fractional inhibitory concentration
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