不同施肥与灌水量对槟榔土壤氨挥发的影响

利用通气法田间原位试验，研究了不同施肥模式、灌溉量对槟榔土壤氨挥发速率和挥发量的影响。结果表明：槟榔恢复期和出花期追肥灌水后，不同施肥处理均在第3天出现氨挥发速率峰值（0.50-3.42 kg.hm-2.d-1），而后迅速下降并进入低挥发阶段。出花期氨挥发速率峰值（1.50-4.42 kg.hm-2.d-1）比恢复期氨挥发速率峰值明显高。灌水量小(300 m3. hm-2)的氨挥发率和总量比灌水量大(600 m3. hm-2)的明显减小。在同一氮水平下，有机质含量较低的氨挥发率较高。在同一有机质含量条件，氨挥发率随着N肥含量增加而升高。与单施N肥处理相比，有机肥与N肥配施可明显减少氨挥发速率和总量，可减少氮损失。

Effect of different fertilization and irrigation practices on soil ammonia volatilization of Arecanut (Areca catechu L.)

In situ experiments combined with venting method conducted to study the effects of different fertilization patterns, irrigation on ammonia volatilization from soil in two growth seasons of Areca catechu L. The results showed that: ammonia volatilization rate peak (0.50-3.42 kg.hm-2.d-1) occurred in the third day after irrigation and fertilization at the recovering and flowering stages, then followed down and entered the low-volatile phase. Ammonia volatilization rate (1.50-4.42 kg.hm-2.d-1) peak at flowering stages was significantly higher than that at the recovering stages, because of the amounts of ammonia volatilization of small irrigation (300 m3.hm-2) were less than those of large irrigation volume (600 m3.hm-2). In the same level of nitrogen, the soil in low organic matter content has higher ammonia volatilization, and in the same content of organic matter, ammonia volatilization rate increased with increasing N fertilizer levels. And compared with single application of N fertilizer, the scientific combination of organic manure and N fertilizer can significantly reduce the ammonia volatilization rate, and total nitrogen loss can be reduced.