Effects of aestivation on the energy budget of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) |
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| Authors: | Yuan Xiutang Yang Hongsheng Wang Lili Zhou Yi Zhang Tao Liu Ying |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong 264006, China;2. Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China;3. National Fishery Technique Extension Center, Beijing 100125, China;1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB) and Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;2. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong Province 264006, China;2. Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China;3. National Fishery Technique Extension Center, Beijing 100125, China;1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;3. Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;4. Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China;1. Department of Ocean Sciences (OSC), Memorial University, St John''s A1C 5S7, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada;2. Society for the Exploration & Valuing of the Environment (SEVE), St Philips A1M 2B7, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Apostichopus japonicus is a kind of temperate sea cucumbers, known to aestivate when water temperature rises above 20°C to 24.5°C. In this study, we measured the effects of aestivation on the energy utilization (i.e., energy allocation in growth, feces discharge, respiration and excretion) of A. japonicus with two different body weights (134.0 g ± 3.5 g and 73.6 g ± 2.2 g) at water temperature from 10°C to 30°C with an interval of 5°C. Noticeable variation in the energy utilization of sea cucumbers was observed in this study. During the non-aestivation period, energy deposit in growth was lower and the energy loss in feces accounted for the majority of the feeding energy. Under the threshold temperature, the feeding energy reduced and the proportion of energy deposit in growth became negative. During aestivation, sea cucumbers discontinued feeding energy, resulting in weight loss. Our study suggested that the ecological implication of aestivation in this species could lead to a model of energy saving during the long-term hot period. |
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| Keywords: | sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus aestivation energy budget water temperature body weight |
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