Full field strain measurements of collagenous tissue by tracking fiber alignment through vector correlation |
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| Authors: | Kyle P. Quinn Beth A. Winkelstein |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Engineering Sciences (Head of Department: Prof. Pär Weihed), Uppsala University, Ångströmlaboratoriet, Box 534, 751 21, Uppsala, Sweden;2. Institute for Biomechanics (Head of Department: Prof. Dr. William R. Taylor), ETH-Zurich, HPP-O12, Hönggerbergring 64, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland;1. Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Center, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Newton, MA, USA;2. Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China;3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;4. Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;5. School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;6. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;7. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;1. Department of Basic Sciences, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China;2. Institute of Information Optics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States;3. Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States;1. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., 37-217, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States;2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., 33-319, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States |
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| Abstract: | Full field strain measurements of biological tissue during loading are often limited to the quantification of fiduciary marker displacements on the tissue surface. These marker measurements can lack the necessary spatial resolution to characterize non-uniform deformation and may not represent the deformation of the load-bearing collagen microstructure. To overcome these potential limitations, a method was developed to track the deformation of the collagen fiber microstructure in ligament tissue. Using quantitative polarized light imaging, fiber alignment maps incorporating both direction and alignment strength at each pixel were generated during facet capsular ligament loading. A grid of virtual markers was superimposed over the tissue in the alignment maps, and the maximization of a vector correlation calculation between fiber alignment maps was used to track marker displacement. Tracking error was quantified through comparisons to the displacements of excised ligament tissue (n=3); separate studies applied uniaxial tension to isolated facet capsular ligament tissue (n=4) to evaluate tracking capabilities during large tissue deformations. The average difference between virtual marker and tissue displacements was 0.07±0.06 pixels. This error in marker location produced principal strain measurements of 1.2±1.6% when markers were spaced 4 pixels apart. During tensile tissue loading, substantial inhomogeneity was detected in the strain field using vector correlation tracking, and the location of maximum strain differed from that produced by standard tracking techniques using coarser meshes. These findings provide a method to directly measure fiber network strains using quantitative fiber alignment data, enabling a better understanding of structure–function relationships in tissues at different length scales. |
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