HBsAg阴性母亲及其婴儿乙肝疫苗接种情况和免疫效果研究

目的：了解乙肝表面抗原阴性（HBsAg阴性）母亲及其婴儿乙肝疫苗接种情况及抗-HBs滴度水平,从而为今后针对该特殊人群进行更好的乙肝疫苗免疫策略提供依据。方法：2010年5月～2010年10月,对陕西省227对HBsAg阴性母亲及其婴幼儿（月龄为8～24月）进行流行病学调查并采集血液标本,对母婴血清抗-HBs进行定性及定量检测。结果：母亲乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）阳性率为45.4%,抗-HBs平均滴度为12.88 mIU/mL（95%CI：8.91-18.19）。婴儿乙肝疫苗首针、第二针和第三针的及时接种率分别为95.2%,93.8%和85.9%。婴儿抗-HBs阳性率为77.1%,抗-HBs平均滴度为37.15 mIU/mL（95%CI：28.18-48.98）。结论：婴儿乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率较高,但三针全程及时接种率仍需提高。母亲抗-HBs阳性率较低,应当重视HBsAg阴性孕龄妇女的乙肝疫苗接种及乙肝标志物的检测,从而提高该人群的乙肝免疫水平。

The Status of Hepatitis B Vaccine Immunization and the Immune Effects of HBsAg Negative Mothers and Ttheir Infants

Objective： To study the status of hepatitis B vaccine immunization and the anti-HBs titers of HBsAg negative mothers and their infants so as to make contributions to their immunization strategies of liepatitis B vaccine. Methods： A cross-sectional study was conducted with a standardized questionnaire in 227 pairs of mothers and infants （month age were 8-24 months） from May 2010 to October 2010. Their peripheral blood was withdrawn for anti-HBs detection. Results： 45.4% of mothers were anti-HBs-positive, and the GMT of the titers was 12.88 mlU/mL （95% CI： 8.91-18.19）. The rates of the first dose, the second dose and the third dose of hepatitis B vaccine vaccinated on time were 95.2%, 93.8% and 85.9% respectively. 77.1% of infants were anti-HBs-positive, and the GMT of the titers was 37.15 mIU/mL （95% CI： 28.18-48.98）. Conclusions： The rate was high for the first dose of the infant＇s hepatitis B vaccine vacci- nated on time. And the rates of all the 3-dose immunization which were vaccinated on time still need to be improved. The immunity of hepatitis B vaccine and the detection of HBV markers for HBsAg negative women of childbearing age should be paid more attention, which can improve the level of immunity against HBV of this population.