Rheumatoid arthritis: From synovium biology to cell-based therapy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Piestany, Slovakia;2. Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia;3. Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia;;4. Regenmed Ltd., Bratislava, Slovakia;1. Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;2. Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Canada;3. Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada;1. Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory for T Cells and Immunotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China;2. Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, China;3. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China;1. General Oncology Service, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA;3. Pediatric Translational Medicine Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA;4. Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA;5. Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA;6. Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA;1. Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy;2. Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy;3. Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy;4. Department of Radiologic, Oncologic and Anatomic-Pathology Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy;5. Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine, and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy;6. Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy;1. Organ Transplant Institute, Fuzhou General Hospital (Fuzong Clinical College), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People''s Republic of China;2. Organ Transplant Institute, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), Xiamen University, Fuzhou, People''s Republic of China;3. Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA;4. Diabetes Research Institute Federation, Hollywood, Florida, USA;5. The Cure Alliance, Miami, Florida, USA;6. Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA;7. Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA;1. Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, CETI, Children''s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA;2. Division of Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA;3. Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA;4. Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Hospital Pequeno Principe, Curitiba, Brazil;5. Université de Montréal and Maisonneuve Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada;6. Stem Cell Transplant Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology Boston Children''s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute;7. Department of Haematology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;8. IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Segrate, Milan, Italy;9. University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont;10. Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the synovial joints and, if not treated properly, can lead to multiple progressive articular and extra-articular damage. Its pathogenesis is primarily associated with an inadequate immune response and dysregulated cytokine production. However, RA is also linked to disruption in oxygen metabolism, impaired redox signaling, acidosis and aberrant intercellular communication. Even though treatment modalities have made RA a manageable disease, a significant number of patients still do not respond satisfactorily or suffer considerably from the adverse events of conventional therapy. In recent years, cell-based strategies, especially the administration of the mesenchymal/medicinal stem/signaling cells (MSCs), have been proposed as a novel and very promising therapeutic approach. RA patients may benefit from the potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and tissue-repair potential of MSCs. Furthermore, the satisfactory safety profile of MSC therapy has been already demonstrated in several clinical studies. This review summarizes current understanding of the pathomechanism behind RA at the molecular and cellular level and focuses on MSC-based clinical research and applications of MSCs for RA treatment. |
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