29份云南甘蔗创新种质的SSR遗传多样性分析和指纹图谱构建

该研究以16份甘蔗骨干亲本为参照,对29份云南甘蔗创新种质进行SSR指纹图谱构建和遗传多样性分析,以明确创新种质与16份亲本间的遗传基础和多样性水平。结果表明:6对引物共扩增出104条带,其中101条为多态性条带,多态性条带比例为97.25%;45份材料的遗传相似性系数为0.235 3~0.891 3,平均值为0.563 3;其中16份甘蔗骨干亲本的遗传相似性系数为0.301 6~0.755 6,甘蔗创新种质与甘蔗骨干亲本的特异条带比例为14∶1,涵盖了割手密、大茎野生种、斑茅和滇蔗茅等基因源。根据骨干亲本间的相似性系数范围,在相似性系数为0.43处,可将种质分为6大类群,亲缘关系相对较远,适宜作为种质间的杂交利用。通过引物区分效率分析,6对引物扩增的多态信息量为0.967 9~0.975 8,其中MSSCIR21引物区分效率最高,利用MSSCIR21和SMC1047HA引物组合构建了云南甘蔗创新种质标准指纹图谱,在相似性系数为0.85处即可区分所有种质,图谱的鉴别准确率为100%,每份资源都有唯一的指纹图谱,可将29份创新种质和16份骨干亲本区分鉴别出来。该研究能够为后续杂交利用、种质鉴定和知识产权保护提供依据。

Genetic Diversity and Construction of Fingerprint of 29 Yunnan Germplasms of Sugarcane Innovation by SSR

To well evaluate and utilize sugarcane germplasm,we analyzed the genetic diversity and fingerprint of 45 elite sugarcane germplasms,including 29 clones of germplasm innovation in Yunnan and 16 major parents,by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with 6 pairs of primers.The results showed that 6 primer pairs produced 104 bands,in which 101 were polymorphic,the percentage of polymorphic bands was 97.25%;the genetic similarity coefficient (GS) ranged from 0.235 3 to 0.891 3 with an average of 0.563 3 in 45 germplasms,and the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.301 6 to 0.755 6 in 16 major parents of sugarcane,the number of specific bands in Yunnan germplasms of sugarcane innovation were 14-folds more than those in the major parents,containing Saccharum spontaneum,Saccharum robustum,Erianthus arundinaceum and Erianthus rockii.According to the similarity coefficient scope between 16 major parents of sugarcane,the 45 germplasms were clustered into 6 groups at 0.43,their genetic relationships were more far relatively,and suitable to be hybrid between the germplams.The rate of distinguishing cultivars by cluster UPGMA (RDVC%) was analyzed for each pair of primers,the value of polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.975 8 to 0.976 9,the standard fingerprint of Yunnan germplasms of sugarcane innovation was established by the primers of MSSCIR21 and SMC1047HA which had the highest efficiency primer combinations in identifying these sugarcane germplasms,and distinguish all the species in the similarity coefficient was 0.85,the identification accuracy is 100%,each germplasm has an unique fingerprint,and 16 major parents and 29 germplasm innovation can be distinguish,thus can be used in the hybridization,identification and intellectual property protection.