中国南部和西南部地区大野芋应用的民族植物学调查

民族植物学以人类传统植物学知识为主要研究内容,这些知识或经验是在长期的生活和生产过程中不断产生和积累的,而且绝大多数经过了长期的实践检验. 近年来,对各地蔬菜,尤其是野生蔬菜的民族植物学调查研究日渐兴起,不仅从集市调查着手进行野生蔬菜的调查编目和社会经济价值的研究,而且逐步深入到蔬菜在食物结构中的地位、对当地居民健康状况的影响及人工驯化培育等方面1-7].

Ethnobotanical survey on application of Colocasia gigantea in southern and southwestern China

Ethnobotanical surveys for traditional knowledge of Colocasia gigantea ( Blume ) Hook. f. eaten by 11 nationalities in 24 villages of southwestern Hu' nan, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou were conducted by semi-structured interview, key informant interview and participatory survey, the traditional knowledges such as field identification characteristics, edible parts and methods, and local names were recorded, and the possible toxic mechanism of wild C. gigantea was discussed according to related literatures. The results show that C. gigantea has similar morphological characteristics with Alocasia macrorrhizos ( Linn.) G. Don belonging to the same family. People distinguish C. gigantea according to characteristic of"petiole with white powder". Affected by regions, the name of C. gigantea called by different nations is not consistent, and they always name it according to its external characteristics and geographical name. C. gigantea is mainly used as edible vegetables, and edible parts are mainly petiole. In addition, it has medicinal and ornamental value. At present, the number of wild resources of C. gigantea is significantly reduced, and its cultivated area also shows a decreasing trend. According to survey results, some suggestions are put forward for cultivation, research and development of C. gigantea.