Adaptive evolution of G-protein coupled receptor genes |
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Authors: | Yokoyama S; Isenberg KE; Wright AF |
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Institution: | Department of Ecology, Ethology and Evolution, University of Illinois, Champaign 61820. |
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Abstract: | The phylogeny and patterns of nucleotide substitutions in the visual
pigment genes, adrenergic receptor genes, muscarinic receptor genes, and in
the human mas oncogene were studied by comparing their DNA sequences. The
evolutionary tree obtained shows that the visual pigment genes and mas
oncogene form one cluster and that the receptor genes form another. In the
evolution of rhodopsin genes, synonymous substitutions outnumber
nonsynonymous substitutions. This is consistent with the neutral theory of
molecular evolution. However, the early evolutionary stages of alpha- and
beta-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors are notable for significantly more
nonsynonymous substitutions than synonymous substitutions, suggesting the
acquisition of novel functional adaptations. Variable rates of
nonsynonymous changes in different domains of these proteins reveal DNA
segments that might have been important in their functional adaptations.
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