类器官的构建与应用进展

类器官是在体外经由干细胞驱动的, 形成具有来源器官显微解剖特征的多细胞三维结构且能自我更新的微组织。类器官能分化产生器官特异性的多种细胞类型,能重现对应器官的部分功能和空间架构,它的诞生为生命医学研究和临床应用注入了新动能,在癌症基础与临床研究、再生医学等领域表现出广阔的应用前景。对近些年国内外类器官研究进展进行综述,介绍其构建过程与培养体系,并详细阐述其作为体外研究模型的优缺点,为基于类器官的科学研究与应用提供了参考。

Progress in the Construction and Application of Organoids

Organoids are driven by stem cells in vitro to form multicellular three-dimensional structures with the micro-anatomical and self-renewing characteristics of the source organs. Organoids produce organ-specific cell types that can reproduce part of the function and spatial structure of the corresponding organs. They promote the development of life medicine research and have shown broad application prospects in cancer basic and clinical research, regenerative medicine and other fields. This review summarizes the research progress of organoids in recent years, including introducing its construction process and culture system and expounding its advantages and disadvantages as an in vitro research model, which provides a reference for scientific research and application based on organoids.