Toll样受体与脑缺血

脑缺血是临床上的常见病,目前已成为导致人类死亡的主要原因之一,脑缺血后存在一个十分复杂的病理生理过程,涉及很多机制。包括离子稳态的破坏,自由基的损伤作用,兴奋性氨基酸的毒性作用,免疫炎症作用和细凋亡等机制。TOLL样受体即TLR(Toll-like receptor TLR),是一类介导天然免疫的跨膜信号传递受体家族,在细胞活化信号传导中发挥着重要作用,已成为联系天然免疫和后天性免疫的桥梁。现在共发现了13中TOLL样体,最近发现Toll样受体能诱发机体的固有免疫应答,介导炎症因子细胞因子的释放,与全身多种重要器官的缺血再灌注损伤有关,研究表明部分TOLL样受体在脑缺血损伤中发挥十分重要的作用。本文就TLR的结构、分布、配体、信号转导通路及其脑缺血中的作用综述如下。

Toll sample receptor and cerebral ischemia

Cerebral ischemia is a clinical common disease, has become the cause humanity to one of the leading causes of death, after cerebral ischemia there is a very complex pathophysiological process, involving many mechanism. Including ion steady destruction, free radical damage effect, excitatory amino acid toxic effect, the immune inflammation function and fine apoptosis mechanism, etc. TOLL sample receptor namely TLR (at like receptor TLR), is a kind of natural immune mediated the transmembrane signal transfer receptor family, in cell activation signal conduction plays an important role, has become a contact natural immunity and acquired immune bridge. Now were found in 13 TOLL sample body, recently discovered TOLL samples under physical induced the body''s natural immune response, mediated inflammatory factor cytokines release, and the whole body many important organ ischemia-reperfusion injury related, study indicates that partial TOLL sample receptor in the brain ischemia injury plays a very important role. This paper TLR structure, distribution, ligand, signal transduction pathway and the role of cerebral ischemia were reviewed as follows.