向日葵的幼胚培养

实验所用的基本培基中以B_5培养基对向日葵幼胚培养为最适。激素萘乙酸主要促进幼胚的胚性生长。吲哚乙酸(IAA)与激动素(KT)的配合使用,对幼胚的分化起明显的调节作用。天然提取物则明显地促进幼胚生长、其中荸荠汁的培养基可使向日葵球形胚进行正常发育。 用两种改良的B_5培养基做胚胎培养系统,使向日葵种间杂交胚生长发育。先将杂交后的心形胚培养在胚胎生长培养基上,进行充分的胚性生长。然后把胚转移到萌发培养基,使其萌发形成幼苗,最后移入土壤直至开花。

IMMATURE EMBRYO CULTURE OF SUNFLOWER

The best medium to grow immature sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) embryos is the B5 basic medium among MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) , Whitc(1963), B5(1968) and Nitsch (1969) media used in our experiments.When NAA is employed in the immature sunflower embryos cultured in vitro, it promotes embryonic growth of the immature embryos mainly. When 1AA and KT are used in combination in immature embryo culture, they have considerably regulative action; the lower proportion of KT/IAA makes young embryo grow roots only while the higher proportion grow buds. Similarly, nature plant extract apparently promotes development and growth, globular embryo of sunflower can normally grow into sceddling in the medium supplemented with Bi Qi (water chestnut) Juice.An embryo culture system using two kinds of modified B5 media is used to produce interspecific Helianthus hybrids. The hybrid heart embryos of sunflower initially develop on a medium containing inorganic components, vilamins, amino acids, 150g/l sucrose and some auxins. For embryo germination and seedling growth the cultured embryos are transferred into a medium containing only the inorganic components and 20g/l sucrose, finally the planthets are transferred to soil in greenhouse and flowered.