Impact of genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2 C (CYP2C) enzymes on the drug metabolism and design of antidiabetics

CYP2C enzymes are responsible for the oxidative metabolism of a diverse number of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a severe metabolic disorder with high prevalence. Various clinical studies found the close association between CYP2C polymorphisms and altered pharmacokinetics, toxicological profiles, and drug-drug interactions of antidiabetic drugs. In this brief review, we discussed the impact of CYP2C polymorphisms on the metabolic fate of small-molecule antidiabetics including sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones, gliptins, and gliflozins, with the key drug-protein molecular interactions highlighted.