近地层高臭氧浓度对水稻生长发育影响研究进展

臭氧（O₃）被认为是最主要的空气污染物之一.目前地球对流层大气中平均O₃浓度已经从工业革命前的38 nl·L^-1（25～45 nl·L^-1，夏季每天8 h平均）上升到2000年的50 nl·L^-1，悲观估计到2100年近地层O₃浓度将上升到80 nl·L^-1.水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物，准确评估近地层O₃浓度升高对水稻生长发育的影响具有重要意义.本文从叶片伤害特征、光合作用、水分关系、生育期、物质生产与分配、叶片膜保护系统、籽粒产量及产量构成因素等方面，系统收集和整理了气室条件下（包括封闭气室、开放式气室）高O₃浓度对水稻生长发育影响的研究进展，并对该领域有待深入研究的方向进行了展望.

Responses of rice growth and development to elevated near-surface layer ozone (O3) concentration: A review

Ozone (O3) is recognized as one of the most important air pollutants. At present, the worldwide average tropospheric O3 concentration has been increased from an estimated pre-industrial level of 38 nl L(-1) (25-45 nl L(-1), 8-h summer seasonal average) to approximately 50 nl L(-1) in 2000, and to 80 nl L(-1) by 2100 based on most pessimistic projections. Oryza sativa L. (rice) is the most important grain crop in the world, and thus, to correctly evaluate how the elevated near-surface layer O3 concentration will affect the growth and development of rice is of great significance. This paper reviewed the chamber (including closed and open top chamber)-based studies about the effects of atmospheric ozone enrichment on the rice visible injury symptoms, photosynthesis, water relationship, phenology, dry matter production and allocation, leaf membrane protective system, and grain yield and its components. Further research directions in this field were discussed.