体细胞重编程为多能干细胞的研究进展

体细胞通过重编程转变成其他类型的细胞，在再生医学方面具有重要的应用前景。细胞重编程的方法主要有体细胞核移植、细胞融合、细胞提取物诱导、限定因子诱导等，这些方法可以不同程度地改变细胞命运。最近，限定因子诱导的多能干细胞（induced pluripotent stem cell。iPS）为重编程提供了一种崭新的方法，不仅可以避免伦理争议，还提供了一种更为便利的技术，为再生医学开辟了新的天地；同时，iPS技术为研究基因表达调控、蛋白质互作、机体生长发育等提供了一个非常重要的研究手段。本文主要论述了体细胞重编程的方法及iPS细胞的进展、面临的问题和应用前景。

Progress in reprogramming somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells

Cellular reprogramming could dedifferentiate somatic cells into pluripotent state, which has tremendous potential in regenerative medicine. To date, somatic cell nuclear transfer, cell fusion, induction with extracts from oocytes or stem ceils, and induction with recipe of defined factors are four major strategies to achieve reprogramming and therefore change the cell fate in different degrees. Among these, generation of induced pluripotent stem cells （iPS） by using defined factors not only usher stem cell research arid cellular reprogramming into a new era, but also offer a new technology evidenced by less ethical issues and more convenient and cost-effective system of harvesting pluripotent stem cells for regenerative medicine. Moreover, iPS technology also could facilitate researches in regulation of genes, interaction of proteins, as well as development and differentiation. Therefore, the methods of somatic cell reprogramming, advances and future perspectives of iPS technology were reviewed here.