常规肌力康复训练联合血流限制训练对前交叉韧带重建术后患者膝关节功能、股四头肌功能和平衡功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨常规肌力康复训练联合血流限制训练对前交叉韧带（ACL）重建术后患者膝关节功能、股四头肌功能和平衡功能的影响。方法：选取2020年9月-2022年7月期间我院收治的ACL重建术患者82例。根据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=41，接受常规肌力康复训练）和研究组（n=41，接受常规肌力康复训练联合血流限制训练）。比较两组膝关节功能、股四头肌功能、平衡功能和并发症发生率。结果：治疗6周后，研究组膝关节Lysholm评分高于对照组，膝关节肿胀程度、大腿周径差值小于对照组，膝关节最大屈曲角度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗6周后，研究组股四头肌厚度薄于对照组，平均功率、峰力矩大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗6周后，研究组站立平衡平均压力峰值差、缓慢弯膝平均压力峰值差、向下蹲位平均压力峰值差小于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组（4.88%）的并发症发生率低于对照组（24.39%）（P<0.05）。结论：ACL重建术后患者应用血流限制训练联合常规肌力康复训练进行干预，可有效改善患者膝关节功能、股四头肌功能和平衡功能，降低并发症发生率。

Effect of Routine Muscle Strength Rehabilitation Training Combined with Blood Flow Restriction Training on Knee Joint Function, Quadriceps Femoris Function and Balance Function of Patients after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of routine muscle strength rehabilitation training combined with blood flow restriction training on knee joint function, quadriceps femoris function and balance function of patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods: 82 patients with ACL reconstruction in our hospital from September 2020 to July 2022 were selected. According to the method of random number table, they were divided into control group (n=41, receiving routine muscle strength rehabilitation training) and study group (n=41, receiving routine muscle strength rehabilitation training combined with blood flow restriction training). The knee joint function, quadriceps femoris function, balance function and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results: 6 weeks after treatment, the Lysholm score of knee joint in the study group was higher than that in the control group, the degree of knee swelling and the difference of thigh circumference were lower than those in the control group, and the maximum flexion angle of knee joint was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). 6 weeks after treatment, the thickness of quadriceps femoris in the study group was thinner than that in the control group, and the average power and peak moment were greater than those in the control group (P<0.05). 6 weeks after treatment, the average peak pressure difference of the standing balance, the average peak pressure difference of the slow knee bending, and the average peak pressure difference of the downward squat in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The complication rate of the study group (4.88%) was lower than (24.39%) of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of blood flow restriction training combined with routine muscle strength rehabilitation training in patients after ACL reconstruction can effectively improve the knee joint function, quadriceps femoris function and balance function, and reduce the incidence of complications.