生态退化的形成原因探讨

生态退化由生态基质、内在的动能因素和外在干扰共同作用的结果， 自然因素和人为活动干扰是生态系统退化的两大驱动力。从自然的角度来讲， 区域地质地貌、气候和水文等的异常变化是生态系统不稳定性和退化的自然成因。人为因素往往叠加在自然因子之上，对生态退化起着加速和主导的作用， 人为因素主要包括人口增长、农业活动、工业与城市化活动、政治与战争、贫困、文化与旅游等， 它们对生态环境的影响是多方面的、深远的、不确定的。

The Cause Analysis for Degradation of Ecosystems

Degradation of ecosystems is a result of interactions between eco|matrix, inner kinetic energy and external disturbance. Natural factors and human disturbance are two main motive forces of eco-degradation. The natural inducing factors refer the exceptional changes of regional geology and terrain, climate and hydrology situation; human disturbance factors often take effects on ecosystem accompanied with natural abnormal changes. The human factors include population growth, agricultural activities, industrialization and urbanization, politics and war, poverty, culture and tourism etc., which can take deep and uncertain effects on ecosystems in many ways.