流行性出血热病毒沙鼠肾细胞培养灭活疫苗免疫家兔的抗体反应及保护试验

利用自流行性出血热(EHF)病人血液中分离的EHF病毒浙10株,感染长爪沙鼠肾单层细胞,经培养后,按流行性乙型脑炎的生物制品法规要求研制成灭活疫苗。取1ml经肌肉免疫家兔,6天后即可在血液中检出荧光抗体,至第14～21天为最高峰,荧光抗体效价可达320～2560。经活EHF病毒攻击,有明显的保护作用,保护率达90％以上。疫苗经1:10或1:30稀释后免疫家兔,荧光抗体阳转率仍达100％,但抗体滴度明显降低。肌肉接种优于皮下接种。本研究证明,甲醛灭活EHF病毒可破坏血凝素活性,从而影响疫苗血凝抑制抗体的产生,可能也会影响中和病毒的能力。

ANT1BODY RESPONSE AND PROTECTION TEST OF INACTIVATED EPIDEMIC HEMOR-RHAGIC FEVER VACCINE IN RABBITS

Using the Z10 strain of epidemic hemorrhagic fever ( EHF ) virus isola ted from the blood of a patient with EHF and cultivated in primary cell of Meriones unguiculatus kidney tissue, an inactivated EHF vaccine was prepar-ed according to a method similar to that of inactivated Japanese B enceph alitis vaccine. Intramuscular immunization with this vacciue ( 1ml ) in rab bits produced IF antibody on the 6th day after inoculatioa followed by a ra pid increase, the highest titres ( 1:320-1:2560) were observed at 2-3 weeks after inoculation. Immunizcd rabbits challenged with EHF virus at 2000-20000 ID50, showed a protection rate of 92.6%. Rabbits immunized with the vaccine at 1:10 or 1:30 dilution shoved 100% seroconversion rate of IF antibody two weeks after the first injection, but the antibody titres were lower. Intramuscular injection is more effective than subcutaneous injection, The hema- gglutinin antigen was destroyed when the EHF virus was iaactivated by for-malin. This fact may explain the lack of formatiem of hemagglutination in-hibiting antibody and may result in the decrease of the ability of virus neu-tralization.