The complete mitochondrial genome of Arctic Calanus hyperboreus (Copepoda,Calanoida) reveals characteristic patterns in calanoid mitochondrial genome |
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Authors: | Sanghee Kim Byung-Jin Lim Gi-Sik Min Han-Gu Choi |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, KIOST 12 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Copepoda is the most diverse and abundant group of crustaceans, but its phylogenetic relationships are ambiguous. Mitochondrial (mt) genomes are useful for studying evolutionary history, but only six complete Copepoda mt genomes have been made available and these have extremely rearranged genome structures. This study determined the mt genome of Calanus hyperboreus, making it the first reported Arctic copepod mt genome and the first complete mt genome of a calanoid copepod. The mt genome of C. hyperboreus is 17,910 bp in length and it contains the entire set of 37 mt genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs. It has a very unusual gene structure, including the longest control region reported for a crustacean, a large tRNA gene cluster, and reversed GC skews in 11 out of 13 protein-coding genes (84.6%). Despite the unusual features, comparing this genome to published copepod genomes revealed retained pan-crustacean features, as well as a conserved calanoid-specific pattern. Our data provide a foundation for exploring the calanoid pattern and the mechanisms of mt gene rearrangement in the evolutionary history of the copepod mt genome. |
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Keywords: | Atp6 and 8 ATPase subunits 6 and 8 Nad1&ndash 6 NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1&ndash 6 Cox1&ndash 3 cytochrome c oxidase subunits 1&ndash 3 Cytb cytochrome b tRNA transfer RNA PCG protein-coding gene rrnS and rrnL small and large subunit ribosomal RNAs nt nucleotide mt mitochondrial OL origin of replication of the light strand NCR non-coding region CR control region |
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