Comprehensive passage (COMPASS) model: a model of downstream migration and survival of juvenile salmonids through a hydropower system |
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Authors: | Richard W Zabel James Faulkner Steven G Smith James J Anderson Chris Van Holmes Nicholas Beer Susannah Iltis Jared Krinke Gary Fredricks Blane Bellerud Jason Sweet Albert Giorgi |
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Institution: | (1) National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA;(2) School of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Washington, Box 358218, Seattle, WA 981195, USA;(3) National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Regional Office, 1201 NE Lloyd Blvd., Suite 1100, Portland, OR 97232, USA;(4) Bonneville Power Administration, 905 NE 11th Ave, Portland, OR 97232, USA;(5) BioAnalysts, Inc., 16541 Redmond Way #339, Redmond, WA 98052, USA |
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Abstract: | Migratory fish populations are impacted worldwide by river impoundments. Efforts to restore populations will benefit from
a clear understanding of survival and migration process over a wide-range of river conditions. We developed a model that estimates
travel time and survival of migrating juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) through the impounded Snake and Columbia rivers in the northwestern United States. The model allows users to examine
the effects of river management scenarios, such as manipulations of river flow and spill, on salmonid survival. It has four
major components: dam passage and survival, reservoir survival, fish travel time, and hydrological processes. The probability
that fish pass through specific routes at a dam and route-specific survival probabilities were based on hydroacoustic, radio
telemetry, PIT tag, and acoustic tag data. We related reservoir mortality rate (per day and per km) to river flow, water temperature,
and percentage of fish passing through spillways and then fit the relationships to PIT-tag survival data. We related fish
migration rate to water velocity, percentage of fish passing through spillways, and date in the season. We applied the model
to two threatened “Evolutionarily Significant Units” (as defined under the US Endangered Species Act): Snake River spring/summer
Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha Walbaum) and Snake River steelhead (O. mykiss Walbaum). A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that for both species survival through the hydropower system was responsive
to water temperature, river flow, and spill proportion. The two species, however, exhibited different patterns in their response.
Such information is crucial for managers to effectively restore migratory fish populations in regulated rivers.
Guest editors: R. L. Welcomme & G. Marmulla
Hydropower, Flood Control and Water Abstraction: Implications for Fish and Fisheries |
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Keywords: | Ecological modeling Salmon Migration Survival Hydropower |
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