Mycotoxins produced by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium</Emphasis> spp. associated with Fusarium head blight of wheat in Western Australia |
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| Authors: | Diana C Tan Gavin R Flematti Emilio L Ghisalberti Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam Sukumar Chakraborty Friday Obanor Kithsiri Jayasena Martin J Barbetti |
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| Institution: | (1) School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;(2) School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Physical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;(3) The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;(4) CSIRO Plant Industry, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia;(5) Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Albany, WA, 6330, Australia; |
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| Abstract: | An isolated occurrence of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat was detected in the south-west region of Western Australia during
the 2003 harvest season. The molecular identity of 23 isolates of Fusarium spp. collected from this region during the FHB outbreak confirmed the associated pathogens to be F. graminearum, F. acuminatum or F. tricinctum. Moreover, the toxicity of their crude extracts from Czapek-Dox liquid broth and millet seed cultures to brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) was associated with high mortality levels. The main mycotoxins detected were type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol),
enniatins, chlamydosporol and zearalenone. This study is the first report on the mycotoxin profiles of Fusarium spp. associated with FHB of wheat in Western Australia. This study highlights the need for monitoring not just for the presence
of the specific Fusarium spp. present in any affected grain but also for their potential mycotoxin and other toxic secondary metabolites. |
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