南岭南北坡灰蝶的区系组成与生态分布

南岭是我国重要的动植物发源地和保存地,研究南岭蝴蝶的区系和生态分布对保护蝴蝶的多样性具有重要意义。通过对南岭中段南北坡的灰蝶进行多年的调查,结果表明:南岭保护区共记录到灰蝶101种,82.178%的种分布在东洋区。按中国动物区系划分,南岭灰蝶主要分布在华南、华中、西南三个区。从灰蝶在南岭南北坡的分布来看,2012-2014年在南北坡调查点共发现灰蝶865头,分别属于31个种,其中南坡共发现470头(隶属于27个种)、北坡228头(隶属于13个种)。这说明南坡的灰蝶种数多,是北坡种数的2倍;南坡的种群密度也比北坡高,是北坡的2.06倍。从同一坡向不同海拔来看,南坡1000-1100 m与500-600 m两个海拔的灰蝶种类数相同,但前者的种群密度为后者的1.55倍;北坡灰蝶种数与种群密度1000-1100 m均高于500-600 m;山顶灰蝶种类少。

Fauna component and ecological distribution of Lycaenidae in southern and northern side of Nanling Mountains

Nanling Mountain is one of the most important cradle and reserve lands for animals and plants of China. Studying on butterfly fauna and ecological distribution is of great importance for butterfly biodiversity protection. Lycaenidae were investigated at southern and northern side of the middle part of Nanling Mountains for many years and it indicated that: there are 101 species in Nanling National Nature Reserve, and 82.178% of them are oriental region species. According to Chinese fauna, they mainly belong to southern, southwest and central region species. 865 individuals of Lycaenidae were found in the investigation plots at both sides of Nanling Mountain, which belongs to 31 species; among them, 470 individuals (27 species) at southern side and 228 individuals (13 species) at northern side were found. The species number of southern side was 2 times that of northern side, and the population density of southern side was 2.06 times that of northern side. At southern side, 1000-1100 m a.s.l and 500-600 m a.s.l have almost the same species number, but population density of the former was 1.55 times that of the later. At northern side, species number and population density of 1000-1100m a.s.l were higher than those of 500-600 m a.s.l., there were few Lycaenidae in mountaintop.