黑熊种群年龄结构和生命表初探

本文以四川野生黑熊（Ｓｅｌｅｎａｒｃｔｏｓ ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎｕｓ）的头骨标本为基础材料，结合养熊场所积累的有关黑熊的年龄构成、繁殖、死亡等资料，运用数学分析方法对四川黑熊种群的年龄儿性比进行了分析研究，编制出黑熊的静态生命表，分析了黑熊种群的内禀增长能力，并得出了野生黑熊种群的平均期望寿命为６．３６６岁，净生殖率（Ｒｏ）为１．６９３２５，平均世代时间（Ｔ）为１１．５４４年，内禀增长率（ｒｍ）为０．

POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE AND LIFE TABLE OF BLACK BEAR

The population age structure and sexual ratio of wild black bear ( Selenarctors thibetanus ) were studied,and the static life span table of black bear population was comfilead,and the innate capacity of increase was analysed.The results showed the mean life span of black bear is 6 366 years,the net reproductive rate ( R 0) is 1 69325,the mean time of per generation ( T ) is 11 544 years,the innate rate of increase ( r m) is 0 04552857,and the finite rate increase ( x ) is 1 0466110.All these results based on the skull specimens of black bear,and combined with the data of age structure and reproduction and death of black bears which have been collected in domesticated population,and with mathematical analysis way.