活菌疫苗载体的研究与应用

目前在疫苗研究中，要求新型疫苗不仅能够激发高效持久的免疫应答，而且应易于接种、生产费用低。减毒或无毒的活微生物作为疫苗载体能够激起持久的系统和黏膜免疫反应，批量制备成本较低，且具有良好的安全性，近年来已成为疫苗研究领域的热点。本文综述了几种活菌疫苗载体，包括沙门氏菌、卡介苗、耶尔森菌等的研究状况及其在疫苗载体方面的应用。

The Application of Bacterial Carriers in Vaccine Study

There is an increasing need for novel vaccines able to stimulate efficient and long-lasting responses, which have also low production costs. Live recombinant bacteria can meet the above needs to induce the both mucosal and systemic immune responses against heterologous antigens. Recent years, using live bacteria as vaccine vectors are becoming hotspot in the field of vaccine research and development. In this review, the most extensively studied bacterial carriers including Salmonella spp, BCG, Yersinia enterocolitica etc and their respective usage in vaccine were discussed.