泛珠江流域土地利用时空变化特征及驱动因子

泛珠江流域是中国改革开放和海上一带一路的“桥头堡”,在国家经济建设中具有重要的战略地位。本研究基于泛珠江流域1990—2015年土地利用数据,结合气候和社会经济指标,利用ArcGIS空间分析和SPSS因子分析等方法,探索泛珠江流域土地利用时空变化特征及其驱动因子。结果表明: 1990—2015年,泛珠江流域土地利用变化明显。其中,水田和有林地面积明显减少,城镇用地和其他建设用地面积急剧增长。在空间上,草地的减少主要发生在流域西北部,耕地的减少集中在流域中部以及沿海地区,城乡、工矿、居民用地的增加主要集中在粤港澳大湾区。其中,变化最为集中的三大典型区域为粤港澳大湾区＞广西中-东南部＞海南岛北部。1990—2000年是流域内土地利用变化最为明显的时期。社会经济和工业的飞速发展,以及居民消费水平的提高是该流域土地利用变化的主要驱动力。

Spatiotemporal variability characteristics and driving forces of land use in the Pan-Pearl River Basin,China

The Pan-Pearl River Basin is a bridgehead for China’s reform and opening-up and the construction of the Belt and Road at Sea, with vital strategic significance in Chinese overall development. Land use data and climate and socio-economic indicators were integrated to probe the spatiotemporal change and its driving forces of land use in the Pan-Pearl River basin with ArcGIS spatial analysis tool and SPSS factor analysis tool. Results showed that land use in the Pan-Pearl River Basin significantly changed between 1990 and 2015, with decreases of the area of paddy field and woodland and rapid increases of urban land and other construction land. Outflow of grassland occurred in the northwestern part of the basin. Reduction of cultivated field was mainly concentrated in the central part of the basin and coastal areas. Increases in urban and rural land, industrial and mining land, and residential land were centrally distributed in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Marco Greater Bay Area. The prominent change areas were Guangdong-Hong Kong-Marco Greater Bay Area > central and southeast of Guangxi Province > northern Hainan Province. Land use changes during 1990-2000 were most obvious in the basin. The main driving factor of spatiotemporal variation of land use was the rapid development of social economy and industry and the improvement of residents’ consumption level.