Comparison of auditory sense organs in parasitoid Tachinidae (Diptera) hosted by Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) and homologous structures in a non-hearing Phoridae (Diptera) |
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Authors: | Reinhard Lakes-Harlan Kirsten Jacobs Geoff R Allen |
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Institution: | 1.Institut für Tierphysiologie,Universit?t Giessen,Giessen,Germany;2.Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, AG Neurobiologie,G?ttingen,Germany;3.School of Agricultural Science/TIAR,University of Tasmania,Hobart,Australia |
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Abstract: | The dipteran parasitoids Therobia leonidei and Homotrixa alleni (Tachinidae) use acoustic cues to locate their calling tettigoniid (Ensifera, Orthoptera) hosts. The sexually dimorphic tympanal
organs of both fly species are located at the prosternum. For comparison a homologous chordotonal organ in the non-hearing
fly Phormia regina, Meigen (Phoridae) is also described. The scolopidial sense organs of the ears have approximately 180 sensory cells in Th. leonidei and 250 cells in H. alleni. Interspecific analysis indicates that the cell number and arrangement might be genus specific in Tachinidae. The mononematic
scolopidia, each with one sensory cell, are of different sizes and insert at the tympanal membrane. Large scolopidial units
(diameter of sensory cells up to 50 μm) extend longitudinally from the centre of the sensory organ towards the ligament, whereas
small units (sensory cell diameter up to 10 μm) are arranged sequentially within the sensory organ. This arrangement is discussed
to be a possible basis for frequency discrimination. The ultrastructure of the scolopidia is similar in the hearing and non-hearing
flies. In both groups, the majority of scolopales has a diameter from 2 to 2.9 μm, although hearing species have additionally
wider scolopales. The homologous chordotonal organ of Ph. regina consists of approximately 55 sensory cells of uniform direction. The data are discussed in comparison to the ears of other
Diptera. |
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Keywords: | Scolopidial organ Chordotonal organ Diptera Bush crickets Homotrixa alleni Therobia leonidei Phormia regina |
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