Determinants of DHA levels in early infancy: differential effects of breast milk and direct fish oil supplementation |
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Authors: | Meldrum S J D'Vaz N Casadio Y Dunstan J A Niels Krogsgaard-Larsen N Simmer K Prescott S L |
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Institution: | School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, WA 6008, Australia.smeldrum@meddent.uwa.edu.au |
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Abstract: | IntroductionAlthough omega (n)-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), intakes are important during infancy, the optimal method of increasing infant status remains unclear. We hypothesized that high-dose infant fish oil supplementation would have greater relative effects upon n-3 LCPUFA status at six months of age than breast milk fatty acids.Patients and methodsInfants (n=420) were supplemented daily from birth to six months with fish oil or placebo. In a subset of infants, LCPUFA levels were measured in cord blood, breast milk and in infant blood at 6 months.ResultsDHA levels increased in the fish oil group relative to placebo (p<05). Breast milk DHA was the strongest predictor of infant erythrocyte DHA levels (p=<001). This remained significant after adjustment for cord blood DHA, supplementation group and adherence.ConclusionIn this cohort, breast milk DHA was a greater determinant of infant erythrocyte n?3 LCPUFA status, than direct supplementation with fish oil. |
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