|
|||||
|
|
The distribution of coastal fish eDNA sequences in the Anthropocene |
|
| Authors: | Laetitia Mathon Virginie Marques Stéphanie Manel Camille Albouy Marco Andrello Emilie Boulanger Julie Deter Régis Hocdé Fabien Leprieur Tom B Letessier Nicolas Loiseau Eva Maire Alice Valentini Laurent Vigliola Florian Baletaud Sandra Bessudo Tony Dejean Nadia Faure Pierre-Edouard Guerin Meret Jucker Jean-Baptiste Juhel Kadarusman Andrea Polanco F Laurent Pouyaud Dario Schwörer Kirsten F Thompson Marc Troussellier Hagi Yulia Sugeha Laure Velez Xiaowei Zhang Wenjun Zhong Loïc Pellissier David Mouillot |
| Institution: | 1. CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France;2. DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), IFREMER, INRAE, Institut Agro – Agrocampus Ouest, Nantes, France;3. MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France;4. Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Marseille, France;5. MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France
Andromède océanologie, place cassan, Mauguio, France;6. Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK;7. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK;8. SPYGEN, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France;9. ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de la Réunion, UNC, CNRS, IFREMER, Nouméa, France;10. MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de la Réunion, UNC, CNRS, IFREMER, Nouméa, France SOPRONER, groupe GINGER, Noumea, France;11. Fundación Malpelo y otros ecosistemas marinos, Bogotá, Colombia;12. Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland TOPtoTOP Global Climate Expedition, Zurich, Switzerland;13. Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Sorong, KKD BP Sumberdaya Genetik, Konservasi dan Domestikasi, Papua Barat, Indonesia;14. Fundacion Biodiversa Colombia, Bogota, Colombia;15. ISEM IRD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France;16. TOPtoTOP Global Climate Expedition, Zurich, Switzerland;17. University of Exeter, Exeter, UK;18. Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia;19. School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China;20. Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland |
| Abstract: | AimCoastal fishes have a fundamental role in marine ecosystem functioning and contributions to people, but face increasing threats due to climate change, habitat degradation and overexploitation. The extent to which human pressures are impacting coastal fish biodiversity in comparison with geographic and environmental factors at large spatial scale is still under scrutiny. Here, we took advantage of environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to investigate the relationship between fish biodiversity, including taxonomic and genetic components, and environmental but also socio-economic factors.LocationTropical, temperate and polar coastal areas.Time periodPresent day.Major taxa studiedMarine fishes.MethodsWe analysed fish eDNA in 263 stations (samples) in 68 sites distributed across polar, temperate and tropical regions. We modelled the effect of environmental, geographic and socio-economic factors on α- and β-diversity. We then computed the partial effect of each factor on several fish biodiversity components using taxonomic molecular units (MOTU) and genetic sequences. We also investigated the relationship between fish genetic α- and β-diversity measured from our barcodes, and phylogenetic but also functional diversity.ResultsWe show that fish eDNA MOTU and sequence α- and β-diversity have the strongest correlation with environmental factors on coastal ecosystems worldwide. However, our models also reveal a negative correlation between biodiversity and human dependence on marine ecosystems. In areas with high dependence, diversity of all fish, cryptobenthic fish and large fish MOTUs declined steeply. Finally, we show that a sequence diversity index, accounting for genetic distance between pairs of MOTUs, within and between communities, is a reliable proxy of phylogenetic and functional diversity.Main conclusionsTogether, our results demonstrate that short eDNA sequences can be used to assess climate and direct human impacts on marine biodiversity at large scale in the Anthropocene and can further be extended to investigate biodiversity in its phylogenetic and functional dimensions. |
| Keywords: | coastal fish communities environmental DNA environmental factors socio-economic factors α- and β-diversity |