柴达木山羊群体遗传结构及系统地位的研究

采用简单随机抽样法对柴达木山羊群体进行了遗传检测，从毛色、外型特征、体尺、血液蛋白与DNA多态性等5个方面进行了群体遗传结构分析，并探索了其系统地位。结果表明：(1)毛色和形态特征的平均表型异质度分别为0.3419、0.5207；(2)血液蛋白在6个基因座上具有多态性，平均基因座杂合度为0.2584；(3)DNA-RAPD标记表现丰富的多样性，基因多样度为0.4085～0.5318。通过对柴达木山羊与其他国内山羊的系统聚类，初步探索了该山羊群体的形成及所属，这些都表明柴达木山羊是一个比较古老的未经较高强度选育的地方山羊品种，其基因资源是我国山羊遗传资源中宝贵的一部分。Abstract: Genetic structure and character of Chaidamu Goats were studied through simple random sampling. Genetic structure was analysed from five aspects, and phylogeny status was also investigated. The results indicated that: (1) the average phenotypic heterogeneity degree of coat color and morphological character were 0.3419 and 0.5207，respectively; (2) polymorphous blood albumen existed in 6 loci and the average loci heterozygosity was 0.2584; and (3) polymorphism existed in marked genes by DND-RAPD with diversity of 0.4085～0.5318. Phylogeny status was investigated through clustering by Ward’s method on Chaidamu Goats and other domestic goats. All these indicated that Chaidamu Goats was a domestic goat with less intensively selected breed.

Genetic Structure and Phylogeny Status of Chaidamu Goat Population