大鼠脊髓胸段平面少突胶质细胞分布和形态学差异的研究

目的：观察大鼠脊髓胸段（T8-T10）平面中少突胶质细胞在白质和灰质中分布和形态学差异。方法：应用免疫荧光组织化学方法，利用少突胶质细胞特异性标志物一抗大鼠Nogo-A分子单克隆抗体，观察大鼠脊髓胸段平面白质和灰质中少突胶质细胞分布和形态学差异。结果：Nogo—A免疫阳性标记主要集中在少突胶质细胞的胞体、突起及其形成的髓鞘。在冠状切面中，白质中的少突胶质细胞广泛分布，而灰质中少突胶质细胞主要分布于神经元的周围；白质中少突胶质细胞胞体较灰质中少突胶质细胞的胞体大，且白质中少突胶质细胞突起及形成的髓鞘结构较灰质中明显。在矢状切面中，白质中少突胶质细胞多成”串珠状”排列，而灰质中少突胶质细胞则紧贴神经元。在脊髓近端背根结结构中，可以观察到少突胶质细胞形成的轴突呈”蜂窝状”结构。结论：应用抗大鼠Nogo—A分子单克隆抗体的免疫荧光组织化学染色方法能够较好展示少突胶质细胞分布特点和形态学差异，与少突胶质细胞类别（束内细胞，卫星细胞）和功能特点相适应，为进一步研究生理和病理条件下，少突胶质细胞的机能奠定基础。

The Study of Distribution and Morphology Difference of Oligodendrocyte in the Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord of Rat

Objective： To detect the distribution and morphology differences of oligodendrocyte in the thoracolumbar spinal cord of rat. Methods： The immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the distribution and morphology differences of oligodendrocyte in the thoracolumbar spinal cord of rat anti-Nogo-A monoclonal antibodies （mAbs）. Results： Nogo-A positive label in cell body, neurite and myelin sheath of oligodendrocyte. In white matter, the oligodendrocytes were wide distribution, but in grey matter, the oligodendrocytes laid beside neurons.The oligodendrocytes in white matter were large than they in grey matter and the neurite structure is more obvious in white matter. The oligodendrocytes along with a beaded-like in white matter on sagittal sections and on sagittal and with a unique honey- comb-like arrangement. Conclusion： Immunofluorescence histochemical staining was effectively used to detect the distribution and mor- phology difference of oligodendrocyte by rat anti-Nogo-A mAb. All these feature are adapted to their structure and function.