露天采矿形成的人工湖中的水鸟建群(英文)

1999-2003年,在捷克共和国特布盆地生物圈保护区(Tebo Basin Biosphere Reserve)内,我们对13个采矿后形成的人工湖中水鸟群落的形成过程进行了研究.我们假定生活在邻近鱼塘中的水鸟会逐渐向这些人工湖迁移和聚集.在这些人工湖中共记录到42种水鸟,隶属于10个目,其中17种典型的海滨鸟类是该群落的重要组成部分.这些水鸟的季节动态过程与各物种自身的生活史阶段有关(如筑巢、迁徙),同时也被人类的采矿活动所影响.环境因素和人类干扰影响了绿头鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)、疣鼻天鹅(Cygnus olor)和凤头鸊鷉(Podiceps cristatus) 等优势种的分布.沙坑湖作为一种独特的生境为本保护区的濒危物种提供了栖息地,如:小苇(开鸟)(Ixobrychus minutus)、大苇莺(Acrocephalus arundinaceus)及其它潜在分布的鸟类.对南波西米亚地区沙坑湖鸟类的研究,可为其它相似地区水鸟群落演替研究提供了重要经验

Colonization by waterbirds of artificial lakes after surface mining:a case study

Occurrence of waterbird species was studied on 13 sand-pit lakes in the Trebon Basin Bjiosphere Reserve(South Bohemia, Czech Republic) in 1999-2003 with the hypothesis, that these artificial lakes will be colonized gradually by some species of waterbirds, living in fishponds in the same area. Seventeen species of "hard littoral flora" were found as an important component of the waterbird environment. Fourty two species of water birds were recorded in the sand-pit lakes. These species belong to 10 orders of birds. The seasonal course of waterbird occurrence reflects the causes of the individual species occurrence (nesting, migration). The waterbird occurrence was affected by mining activity. Both environmental and anthropogenic factors affected the occurrence of the most numerous species: mallard Anas platyrhynchos, mute swan Cygnus olor, great crest grebe Podiceps cristatus. Sand-pit lakes represent biotopes that can serve Biosphere Reserve: little bittern Ixobrychus minutus and great reed warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus and potentially for other bird species. The experience from sand-pits in South Bohemia has importance for research of succession, in similar conditions elsewhere